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杰峰刀具对金刚石刀具材料简介

发布时间:2013-08-08

  可以制成切削刀具的金刚石材料有天然单晶金刚石、人造单晶金刚石、化学气相沉积法(CVD)金刚石厚膜、人造聚晶金刚石复合片等。

  1、天然单晶金刚石

  天然单晶金刚石是一种各向异性的单晶体。硬度达HV9000-10000,是自然界中最硬的物质。这种材料耐磨性极好,制成刀具在切削中可长时间保持尺寸的稳定,故而有很长的刀具寿命。

  天然金刚石刀具刃口可以加工到极其锋利。可用于制作眼科和神经外科手术刀;可用于加工隐形眼镜的曲面;可用于切割光导玻璃纤维;用于加工黄金、白金首饰的花纹;最重要的用途在于高速超精加工有色金属及其合金。如铝、黄金、巴氏合金、铍铜、紫铜等。用天然金刚石制作的超精加工刀具其刀尖圆弧部分在400倍显微镜下观察无缺陷,用于加工铝合金多面体反射镜、无氧铜激光反射镜、陀螺仪、录像机磁鼓等。表现粗糙度可达到Ra(0.01-0.025)μm。

  天然金刚石材料韧性很差,抗弯强度很低,仅为(0.2-0.5)Gpa。热稳定性差,温度达到700℃-800℃时就会失去硬度。温度再高就会碳化。另外,它与铁的亲和力很强,一般不适于加工钢铁。

  2、人造单晶金刚石

  人造单晶金刚石作为刀具材料,市场上能买到的目前有戴比尔斯(DE-BEERS)生产的工业级单晶金刚石材料。这种材料硬度略逊于天然金刚石。其它性能都与天然金刚石不相上下。由于经过人工制造,其解理方向和尺寸变得可控和统一。随着高温高压技术的发展,人造单晶金刚石最大尺寸已经可以做到8mm。由于这种材料有相对较好的一致性和较低的价格,所以受到广泛的关注。作为替代天然金刚石的新材料,人造单晶金刚石的应用将会有大的发展。

  3、人造聚晶金刚石

  人造聚晶金刚石(PCD)是在高温高压下将金刚石微粉加溶剂聚合而成的多晶体材料。一般情况下制成以硬质合金为基体的整体圆形片,称为聚晶金刚石复合片。根据金刚石基体的厚度不同,复合片有1.6mm、3.2mm、4.8mm等不同规格。而聚晶金刚石的厚度一般在0.5mm左右。目前,国内生产的PCD直径已经达到19mm,而国外如GE公司最大的复合片直径已经做到58mm,戴比尔斯公司更达到了74mm。怎么样补水眼霜哪个好眼霜什么牌子好润肤去黑头什么牌子的好左旋什么固体香膏好

  根据制作刀具的需要可用激光或线切割切成不同尺寸和角度的刀头,制成车刀、镗刀、铣刀等。

  PCD的硬度比天然金刚石低(HV6000左右),但抗弯强度比天然金刚石高很多。另外,通过调整金刚石微粉的粒度和浓度,使PCD制品的机械物理性能发生改变,以适应不同材质、不同加工环境的需要,为刀具用户提供了多种选择。

  PCD刀具比天然金刚石的的抗冲击和抗震性能高出很多。与硬质合金相比,硬度高出3-4倍;耐磨性和寿命高50-100倍;切削速度可提高5-20倍;粗糙度可达到Ra0.05μm。切削效率高、加工精度稳定。

  PCD同天然金刚石一样,不适合加工钢和铸铁。这种刀具主要用于加工有色金属及非金属材料,如:铝、铜、锌、金、银、铂及其合金,还有陶瓷、碳纤维、橡胶、塑料等。PCD的另一大功能是加工木材和石材。

  PCD刀具特别适合加工高硅铝合金,因此在汽车、航空、电子、船舶工业中得到了广泛的应用。

  4、CVD金刚石膜

  CVD金刚石厚膜是一种化学气相沉积法制成的金刚石材料。作为刀具材料其硬度高于PCD。由于不含金属结合剂,所以有很高的热传导率和抗高温氧化性能。但是,目前生产的CVD材料韧性比较差,它不能用线切割的方式进行切割加工,使用上受到了一定的限制。由于没有切磨的方向性,磨加工的工艺性较差,极难磨出象天然金刚石和人造单晶金刚石一样锋利的刃口。作为切削刀具使用尚处于试验阶段,有待进一步研究和开发。



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HP-CLASSICAL BIT
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HV-CLASSICAL MOULDING BIT WITHOUT BEARING

I-Beaded Curve Knife

IA-DOUBLE BEADING BIT
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IE-A TYPE DRAWING LINE BIT
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J-Crown curve decoration knives

JA-EDGE MOULDING BIT
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K-Architectural decorative knives streamlined

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L-Rail line/line Knife

LA-TABLE EDGE BIT
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LC-TABLE CORNER BIT
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LF-TRADITIONAL BIT
LG-15Degree HORSE NOSE BIT
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M-Combination of high handrail Knife Bottle

MA-HANDRAIL BIT
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N-Polymorphic classical Knife

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NB-RAISED PANEL BIT
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ND-15 degrees plate type knife
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NF-UNDERMOUNT BOWL BIT
NG-S-TYPE BIT

O-Knife nail-like model lines

OA-FINGER GRIP BIT
OB-DOUBLE FINGER BIT
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PK-Long households knife

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