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EA-BOWL & TRAY BIT
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F-Convex half circular knife

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G-Arch arc knife types

GA-COVE WITH BEARING
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您的位置:Guangzhou JeeFoo Tools Co.,Ltd >> 技术文章

杰峰(JEEFOO)刀具热处理工艺操作技巧

发布时间:2013-08-08

  热处理工艺过程多数是周期作业,是一项集体操作。因此,热处理工艺加工存在着工作界限不明确,如一批零件淬火可能由两个班次完成,淬火和回火常常由两个班次完成等,加之作业人员素质参差不齐,管理措施小够完善,生产过程中经常会出现质量问题。而出现问题后,分析问题,查找原因,不仅费时、费力,有时甚至找不出真正的原因。

  下面笔者把多年来在生产现场中解决问题的一些思路和方法进行了归纳,为读者提供一些有益的参考。

  1.渗碳淬火齿轮硬度低

  一批在(日本)Unicase滴注式气体渗碳氮化炉中渗碳淬火的800多件齿轮,要求渗碳淬火后表面硬度58~63HRC,而抽检时零件的表面硬度为52~56HRC。这是渗碳问题,还是淬火问题;淬火是加热问题,还是冷却问题,一时很难下结论。由于这批齿轮的生产任务紧急,笔者把已检测的齿轮取3件用铁丝捆绑,在盐浴炉内重新加热,在油槽中淬火冷却,约30~40min后,最后检测淬火硬度为63~65HRC。把这批齿轮重新加热淬火后,抽俭硬度全部合格。这种快刀斩乱麻的办法,虽不一定能找出问题的真正原因,但却解决了生产的燃眉之急。

  2.棒料淬火裂纹

  有一批φ14mm×240mm的40Cr俸料经调质处埋后,过了约一周时间(使用时)才被发现几乎全部开裂,裂纹形状为纵向单裂纹,多数裂纹裂透棒料的两端面。据此判断裂纹为淬火裂纹,而当班的操作人员却不认帐。查作业记录,只能查到该批棒料为二班淬火、三班回火,而零件材料、淬火温度和冷却介质等工艺参数都没有记录。笔者取一根棒料与45钢接头一同在盐浴炉中加热,然后在盐水中淬火冷却,冷却后约20~30min,该棒料开裂,并且裂纹形状与上述裂纹形状相同。在事实面前,操作人员才承认是误将该批棒料当成45钢进行了淬火。淘宝网女装春装新款排名晚霜哪个好最好按摩霜推荐防晒如何快速瘦身不错哪个牌子的细致毛孔好

  3.箱式电阻炉退火硬度不均匀

  我公司生产的叶片泵的泵轴棒料,其材料为38CrMoAlA。工艺路线为:退火→带锯下料→粗车→调质→精车→磨削→氮化。带锯下料时,经常发现一根棒料上硬度不均匀、局部硬度偏高,下料效率低,锯条磨损快。经分析,是因装炉时棒料长或棒料靠前。该箱式电阻炉炉口处既没有加热电阻丝,热量损失又大,因此对于一般箱式电阻炉,装炉时零件应距离炉口内侧200~300mm,才能保证炉内零件加热温度均匀。

  4.铸铁淬火应控制微量合金元素

  铸铁导热。性差,淬火冷却时一般用油冷。铸铁的基体与钢相同,也是由珠光体和铁素体组成。铸铁含碳量高,含碳量增加虽然能够增加淬透性,但毕竟增幅不大。因此,提高铸铁件的淬透性:就靠铸铁中微量合金元素的作用,控制好合金元素含量,才能保证热处理淬火质量。

  我公司生产的叶片泵定子,材料为耐磨合金铸铁,要求热处珲硬度50~56HRC由于铸件中Cr、Mo、Mn和Sn等合金元素含量控制不好,因而热处理淬火后硬度不均匀,硬度偏低等现象时有发生。有人曾提出,淬火后硬度偏低是由于铸件铸态基体组织中珠光体比例少,要求在淬火前增加正火工序。试验表明,铸件经正火后再淬火,硬度依然偏低。事实上,在相同的铸造条件下,铸件铸态基体组织中珠光体所占比例的多少,与其微量合金元素的含量有关。

  5.结语

  工艺加工过程中出现的许多问题,实际上都是由于工艺过程控制不严、生产管理混乱所致。文中虽然提出了一些解决问题的思路和方法,但笔者思之再三,总觉得不是上策。



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HB-CLASSICAL MOULDING BIT WITHOUT BEARING
HB-Bilateral double R line knife
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HF-DOUBLE ROMAN BIT
HG-DOUBLE ROMAN BIT WITHOUT BEARING
HH-ROMAN OGEE BIT
HI-ROMAN OGEE BIT WITHOUT BEARING
HJ-CLASSICAL OGEE BIT
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HL-WAVY EDGE BIT
HM-WAVY EDGE BIT WITHOUT BEARING
HN-CURVED ROUND WITH BEARING
HO-CLASSICAL BIT
HP-CLASSICAL BIT
HQ-Magic Knife
HR-Butterfly knife
HS-CLASSICAL MOULDING BIT
HT-CLASSICAL MOULDING BIT WITHOUT BEARING
HU-CLASSICAL MOULDING BIT
HV-CLASSICAL MOULDING BIT WITHOUT BEARING

I-Beaded Curve Knife

IA-DOUBLE BEADING BIT
IB-DOUBLE BEADING BIT
IC-DOUBLE BEADING BIT
ID-DRAGON BALL BIT
IE-A TYPE DRAWING LINE BIT
IF-DOUBLE DRAGON BALL BIT
IG-DRAGON BALL BIT

J-Crown curve decoration knives

JA-EDGE MOULDING BIT
JB-PALACE TYPE BIT
JC-CROWN MOULDING BIT
JD-CROWN MOULDING BIT
JE-CROWN MOULDING BIT
JF-CROWN MOULDING BIT

K-Architectural decorative knives streamlined

KA-DOUBLE ROUND NOSE BIT
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KD-FISH HANDRAIL BIT
KE-HANDRAIL BIT
KF-VARIABLE-BEADING BIT
KG-CROWN MOULDING BIT
KH-HANDRAIL BIT

L-Rail line/line Knife

LA-TABLE EDGE BIT
LB-TABLE OGEE BIT
LC-TABLE CORNER BIT
LD-HANDRAIL CLASSICAL BIT
LE-TABLE CURVED ROUND BIT
LF-TRADITIONAL BIT
LG-15Degree HORSE NOSE BIT
LH-ROMAN CLASSICAL BIT
LI-TRADITIONAL BIT
LJ-TABLE EDGE BIT

M-Combination of high handrail Knife Bottle

MA-HANDRAIL BIT
MB-HANDRAIL BIT
MC-HANDRAIL BIT

N-Polymorphic classical Knife

NA-VERTICAL BIT
NB-RAISED PANEL BIT
NC-PANEL BIT
ND-15 degrees plate type knife
NE-45 Degree PANEL BIT
NF-UNDERMOUNT BOWL BIT
NG-S-TYPE BIT

O-Knife nail-like model lines

OA-FINGER GRIP BIT
OB-DOUBLE FINGER BIT
OC-A TWO SLOPES FINGERNAIL BIT
OD-SIDE FINGER NAIL TYPE BIT
OE-ARCH TYPE ROUTER BIT
OF-ARCH TYPE ROUTER BIT
OG-FINGER NAIL BIT

P-T-tenon Knife

PA-DRAWER LOCK BIT
PB-T-TYPE SLOTTING CUTTER
PC-KEYHOLE BIT
PD-T-SLOT ROUTER BIT
PE-T-TYPE BIT WITH BEARING
PF-HINGE BIT
PG-JOINT BIT
PH-MITER BIT
PI-T-SLOT ROUTER BIT
PK-Long households knife

Q-T-tenon cutter combination of class

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QB-TONGUE & GROOVE BITS
QC-STYLE & RAIL ASSEMBLES
QD-STYLE & RAIL ASSEMBLES
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QF-STYLE & RAIL ASSEMBLES
QG-TONGUE & GROOVE BITS

R-Door Knife

RA-Tanaka knife
RB-Oblique arc knife
RC-Cascade knife
RD-Curved knife
RE-Feng cutter
RF-Qingping knife
RG-Type clever knife
RH-Thin round knife
RI-Liu knife edge
RJ-Kocho knife
RK-CLASSICAL PLUNGE BIT
RL-CLASSICAL PLUNGE BIT
RM-CLASSICAL PLUNGE BIT
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RO-15Degree HORSE NOSE BIT
RP-10Degree HORSE NOSE BIT
RQ-OPEN-END CARVING BIT
RR-FLAT BOTTOM CUTTER

T-Solid Carbide cutting knives

TCT-SOLID CARBIDE STRAIGHT BIT

U-Other series

UA-Spindle machine flat knife, four planing knives
UB-Finger Joint Cutter Series
UC-Circular knife
UD-Speaker Knife
UE-A knife series
UF-Helical flat knife
UG-Small door knife (knife cabinet) series
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UI-Wallboard knife
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